Objectives: Recent studies have revealed that Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in adolescents is not rare contrary to common thought. Although reported prevalence rates in adolescence range from below 5%, several studies demonstrate a 1-year prevalence rates ranging from 5% to 10%. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of OCD among high school students in Van. Method: This study was performed in public high schools located in Van with a population of 4719 students; the representative sample size for detecting the OCD prevalence was calculated to be 520 students. After collecting sociodemographic data, OCD section of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was used for evaluation. Results: The prevalence of OCD in adolescent group was 5.9% (n=31; boy=7.1% and girl=5.3%). The statistical analysis showed that there are significant associations between OCD and family history of mental illness and smoking. About 16.1% of subjects with OCD had only compulsions, whereas 77.4% had both obsessions and compulsions. Only two subjects (6.5%) with OCD met obsession criteria without compulsions. Conclusion: This study demonstrates a higher prevalence of OCD in adolescent group (5.9%) compared to other prevalance studies in adolescent population. Methodological differences, environmental and sociodemographic factors might explain this discrepancy.

Objective: Research was carried out to determine the levels of depression, death anxiety and daily life functioning in the elderly living in nursing home. Methods: The study was made in Nursing Home in Ordu, December, 2009. As a data collecting tool, sosiodemo- graphic variables of humans, personal information form consisted of 25 questions, including the identifying information and perception of life relating to what has been happening, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Death Anxiety Scale (DAS), Barthel Index was used. The data were evaluated via computer. Results: 27.2% (n=22) of the elders were female, 72.8% were male. 46.9% (n=38) of them were in 60-74 years group, 53.1% (n=43) were 75 years old and over. 50.6% had perceived their health status in the middle level. 95.1% expressed state of health affects their physical activities. 55.6% had a chronical disease and 97.5% of elders expressed taking medicine. Average of GDS is 15.56 ± 5.065 (at least 2 up to 29), Average of DAS is 9.01 ± 2.857 (at least 2 up to 14), Average of Bl is 71.36 ± 25.642 (at least 5 up to 100). Levels of depression were found significantly related to gender (t=2,648 p<.05). Death anxiety and level of dependence were not found significantly related to gender. Levels of depression and dependence were found significantly related to age (t=-2.550 p<.05, t=2.990 p<.05). Conclusion: The vast majority of individuals had depression and death anxiety, and the majority was dependent.

Objective: Over the past years, psychiatric comorbidities and typical personality traits were frequently observed in migraine patients. Psychological profile in migraine patients has been extensively explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the psychological risk factors in migraine such as personality traits, anger and depression and identify whether migraine patients and healty controls share distinctive psychological profile in the context of Cloninger's seven-factor psychobiological model of personality. Method: 85 patients diagnosed according to International Classification of Headache Disorders suffering from migraine referred to the Headache Clinic of Dokuz Eylül University Neurology Department were enrolled in the study and compared to a control group of 85 healthy subjects. Patients and controls completed the Temperament and Character Inventory, The Beck Depression Inventory, and the Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Results: Similar to previous findings, results showed that personality, anger traits and depressive symptomatology of migraine patients are different from healthy people. Patients suffering from migraine showed more depressive symptoms, tendency to high level of anger, and a distinctive personality profile with high harm avoidance, high persistence, low self directedness and low novelty seeking. Conclusion: The results suggest that the temperament which is considered to be the genetic component of personality plays role in migraine and this also supports the theory that migraine is a genetic-based disase. Further biochemical and genetic studies may reveal the relationships between psychological profile and developing migraine.

Psychological treatment studies in pain disorders have greatly increased in recent years. The focus was first on the development of theories and models related to chronic pain. However, main focus has been on the development of therapeutic approaches which are effective in the treatment of chronic pain. In 1987, Clinical Psychologist Francine Shapiro developed the novel Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR ) technique based on the idea that voluntary and systematic eye movements could effectively decrease the intensity of negative and disturbing thoughts and has since then been undertaking research on the topic. EMDR was first used in post-travmatic stres disorders as a result of wars, rape, earthquake and childhood abuse to deal with the emotional disturbaunces of problematic life experiences. It later started to encompass phobias, performance anxiety, panic attacks, body-image disorders, trauma symptoms in children bereavement, skin diseases, phantom limb pains and lastly chronic pain treatment with striking results. This paper consists of brief information on the underlying principles and application procedures of EMDR. This technique is mainly based on both information processing and neuropsychological approaches. EMDR has comprehensive approaches to explain the reasons for chronic pain. It seems most likely that the technique will prove widespread to be of great interest within the area of psychotherapies.

Prevalence of traffic accidents is very high in Turkey and traffic accidents are one of the underlying reasons of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a new therapeutic method which is effective for PTSD. Test anxiety is a significant problem for students which leads to a decline in academic performance and cause severe psychological problems. People with test anxiety experience undesirable symptoms like tension, worry and overstimulation of the central nervous system when they are under evaluation. Recurrent worried, self-critical and catastrophic thoughts and physiologic arousal accompany test anxiety. Negative experiences about examinations can lead to test anxiety. Various psychoterapeutic approaches have been reported that are beneficial in the treatment of test anxiety. Few publications have reported trial of EMDR in the treatment of test anxiety. We describe a 17 year-old girl who had PTSD following a traffic accident and who was treated by EMDR. After treatment of PTSD, the girl reported intense fear and anxiety about the university entrance examination. This anxiety was associated with negative experiences about previous examinations. EMDR treatment focused on these negative experiences and significant improvement was obtained.